/*
 * @(#)DatagramSocket.java	1.90 03/01/23
 *
 * Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */

package java.net;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;

/**
 * This class represents a socket for sending and receiving datagram packets.
 *
 * <p>A datagram socket is the sending or receiving point for a packet
 * delivery service. Each packet sent or received on a datagram socket
 * is individually addressed and routed. Multiple packets sent from
 * one machine to another may be routed differently, and may arrive in
 * any order.
 *
 * <p>UDP broadcasts sends are always enabled on a DatagramSocket.
 * In order to receive broadcast packets a DatagramSocket
 * should be bound to the wildcard address. In some
 * implementations, broadcast packets may also be received when
 * a DatagramSocket is bound to a more specific address.
 * <p>
 * Example:
 * <code>
 *		DatagramSocket s = new DatagramSocket(null);
 *		s.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));
 * </code>
 * Which is equivalent to:
 * <code>
 *		DatagramSocket s = new DatagramSocket(8888);
 * </code>
 * Both cases will create a DatagramSocket able to receive broadcasts on
 * UDP port 8888.
 *
 * @author  Pavani Diwanji
 * @version 1.90, 01/23/03
 * @see     java.net.DatagramPacket
 * @see     java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel
 * @since JDK1.0
 */
public
class DatagramSocket {
    /**
     * Various states of this socket.
     */
    private boolean created = false;
    private boolean bound = false;
    private boolean closed = false;
    private Object closeLock = new Object();

    /*
     * The implementation of this DatagramSocket.
     */
    DatagramSocketImpl impl;

    /**
     * Are we using an older DatagramSocketImpl?
     */
    boolean oldImpl = false;

    /*
     * Connection state:
     * ST_NOT_CONNECTED = socket not connected
     * ST_CONNECTED = socket connected
     * ST_CONNECTED_NO_IMPL = socket connected but not at impl level
     */
    static final int ST_NOT_CONNECTED = 0;
    static final int ST_CONNECTED = 1;
    static final int ST_CONNECTED_NO_IMPL = 2;

    int connectState = ST_NOT_CONNECTED;

    /*
     * Connected address & port
     */
    InetAddress connectedAddress = null;
    int connectedPort = -1;

    /**
     * Connects this socket to a remote socket address (IP address + port number).
     * Binds socket if not already bound.
     * <p>
     * @param   addr    The remote address.
     * @param	port	The remote port
     * @throws  SocketException if binding the socket fails.
     */
    private synchronized void connectInternal(InetAddress address, int port) throws SocketException {
        if (port < 0 || port > 0xFFFF) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("connect: " + port);
        }
        if (address == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("connect: null address");
        }
        if (isClosed())
            return;
        SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (security != null) {
            if (address.isMulticastAddress()) {
                security.checkMulticast(address);
            } else {
                security.checkConnect(address.getHostAddress(), port);
                security.checkAccept(address.getHostAddress(), port);
            }
        }

	if (!isBound())
	  bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));

	// old impls do not support connect/disconnect
	if (oldImpl) {
	    connectState = ST_CONNECTED_NO_IMPL;
	} else {
	    try {
	        getImpl().connect(address, port);

		// socket is now connected by the impl
		connectState = ST_CONNECTED;
	    } catch (SocketException se) {

		// connection will be emulated by DatagramSocket
		connectState = ST_CONNECTED_NO_IMPL;
	    }
	}

        connectedAddress = address;
        connectedPort = port;
    }


    /**
     * Constructs a datagram socket and binds it to any available port
     * on the local host machine.  The socket will be bound to the wildcard
     * address, an IP address chosen by the kernel.
     * 
     * <p>If there is a security manager, 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method is first called
     * with 0 as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     * @exception  SocketException  if the socket could not be opened,
     *               or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
     */
    public DatagramSocket() throws SocketException {
	// create a datagram socket.
	createImpl();
	try {
	    bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));
	} catch (SocketException se) {
	    throw se;
	} catch(IOException e) {
	    throw new SocketException(e.getMessage());
	}
    }

    /**
     * Creates an unbound datagram socket with the specified
     * DatagramSocketImpl.
     *
     * @param impl an instance of a <B>DatagramSocketImpl</B>
     *        the subclass wishes to use on the DatagramSocket.
     * @since   1.4
     */
    protected DatagramSocket(DatagramSocketImpl impl) {
        if (impl == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
	this.impl = impl;
	checkOldImpl();
    }

    /**
     * Creates a datagram socket, bound to the specified local
     * socket address.
     * <p>
     * If, if the address is <code>null</code>, creates an unbound socket.
     * <p>
     * <p>If there is a security manager, 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method is first called
     * with the port from the socket address
     * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     * 
     * @param bindaddr local socket address to bind, or <code>null</code>
     *		       for an unbound socket.
     * 
     * @exception  SocketException  if the socket could not be opened,
     *               or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
     * @since   1.4
     */
    public DatagramSocket(SocketAddress bindaddr) throws SocketException {
	// create a datagram socket.
	createImpl();
	if (bindaddr != null) {
	    bind(bindaddr);
	}
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a datagram socket and binds it to the specified port
     * on the local host machine.  The socket will be bound to the wildcard
     * address, an IP address chosen by the kernel.
     * 
     * <p>If there is a security manager, 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method is first called
     * with the <code>port</code> argument
     * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     * @param      port port to use.
     * @exception  SocketException  if the socket could not be opened,
     *               or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
     */
    public DatagramSocket(int port) throws SocketException {
	this(port, null);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a datagram socket, bound to the specified local
     * address.  The local port must be between 0 and 65535 inclusive.
     * If the IP address is 0.0.0.0, the socket will be bound to the
     * wildcard address, an IP address chosen by the kernel.
     * 
     * <p>If there is a security manager, 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method is first called
     * with the <code>port</code> argument
     * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     * 
     * @param port local port to use
     * @param laddr local address to bind
     * 
     * @exception  SocketException  if the socket could not be opened,
     *               or the socket could not bind to the specified local port.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
     * @since   JDK1.1
     */
    public DatagramSocket(int port, InetAddress laddr) throws SocketException {
	this(new InetSocketAddress(laddr, port));
    }

    private void checkOldImpl() {
	if (impl == null)
	    return;
	// DatagramSocketImpl.peekdata() is a protected method, therefore we need to use
	// getDeclaredMethod, therefore we need permission to access the member
	try {
	    AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction() {
		    public Object run() throws NoSuchMethodException {
			Class[] cl = new Class[1];
			cl[0] = DatagramPacket.class;
			impl.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("peekData", cl);
			return null;
		    }
		});
	} catch (java.security.PrivilegedActionException e) {
	    oldImpl = true;
	}
    }

    static Class implClass = null;

    void createImpl() throws SocketException {
	if (impl == null) {
	    if (factory != null) {
		impl = factory.createDatagramSocketImpl();
		checkOldImpl();
	    } else {
		if (implClass == null) {
		    String prefix = null;
		    try {
			prefix = (String) AccessController.doPrivileged(
			    new sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction("impl.prefix", "Plain"));
			implClass = Class.forName("java.net."+prefix+"DatagramSocketImpl");
		    } catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("Can't find class: java.net." + 
					   prefix +
					   "DatagramSocketImpl: check impl.prefix property");
		    }
		    if (implClass == null)
			implClass = java.net.PlainDatagramSocketImpl.class;
		}
		try {
		    impl = (DatagramSocketImpl) implClass.newInstance();
		} catch (Exception e) {
		    throw new SocketException("can't instantiate DatagramSocketImpl");
		}
		// No need to do a checkOldImpl() here, we know it's an up to date
		// SocketImpl!
		if (!(impl instanceof java.net.PlainDatagramSocketImpl))
		    checkOldImpl();
	    }
	}
	// creates a udp socket
	impl.create();
	created = true;
    }

    /**
     * Get the <code>DatagramSocketImpl</code> attached to this socket, 
     * creating it if necessary.
     *
     * @return	the <code>DatagramSocketImpl</code> attached to that 
     * 		DatagramSocket
     * @throws SocketException if creation fails.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    DatagramSocketImpl getImpl() throws SocketException {
	if (!created)
	    createImpl();
	return impl;
    }

    /**
     * Binds this DatagramSocket to a specific address & port.
     * <p>
     * If the address is <code>null</code>, then the system will pick up
     * an ephemeral port and a valid local address to bind the socket.
     *<p>
     * @param	addr The address & port to bind to.
     * @throws	SocketException if any error happens during the bind, or if the
     *		socket is already bound.
     * @throws	SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if addr is a SocketAddress subclass
     *         not supported by this socket.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public synchronized void bind(SocketAddress addr) throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	if (isBound())
	    throw new SocketException("already bound");
	if (addr == null)
	    addr = new InetSocketAddress(0);
	if (!(addr instanceof InetSocketAddress))
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported address type!");
	InetSocketAddress epoint = (InetSocketAddress) addr;
	if (epoint.isUnresolved())
	    throw new SocketException("Unresolved address");
	SecurityManager sec = System.getSecurityManager();
	if (sec != null) {
	    sec.checkListen(epoint.getPort());
	}
	try {
	    getImpl().bind(epoint.getPort(), 
			   epoint.getAddress());
	} catch (SocketException e) {
	    getImpl().close();
	    throw e;
	}
	bound = true;
    }

    /** 
     * Connects the socket to a remote address for this socket. When a
     * socket is connected to a remote address, packets may only be
     * sent to or received from that address. By default a datagram
     * socket is not connected.
     *
     * <p>If the remote destination to which the socket is connected does not
     * exist, or is otherwise unreachable, and if an ICMP destination unreachable
     * packet has been received for that address, then a subsequent call to 
     * send or receive may throw a PortUnreachableException. Note, there is no 
     * guarantee that the exception will be thrown.
     *
     * <p>A caller's permission to send and receive datagrams to a
     * given host and port are checked at connect time. When a socket
     * is connected, receive and send <b>will not
     * perform any security checks</b> on incoming and outgoing
     * packets, other than matching the packet's and the socket's
     * address and port. On a send operation, if the packet's address
     * is set and the packet's address and the socket's address do not
     * match, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown. A socket
     * connected to a multicast address may only be used to send packets.
     *
     * @param address the remote address for the socket
     *
     * @param port the remote port for the socket.
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the address is null,
     * or the port is out of range.
     *
     * @exception SecurityException if the caller is not allowed to
     * send datagrams to and receive datagrams from the address and port.
     *
     * @see #disconnect
     * @see #send
     * @see #receive 
     */
    public void connect(InetAddress address, int port) {
	try {
	    connectInternal(address, port);
	} catch (SocketException se) { 
	    throw new Error("connect failed", se);
	}
    }

    /**
     * Connects this socket to a remote socket address (IP address + port number).
     * <p>
     * @param	addr	The remote address.
     * @throws	SocketException if the connect fails
     * @throws	IllegalArgumentException if addr is null or addr is a SocketAddress
     *		subclass not supported by this socket
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #connect
     */
    public void connect(SocketAddress addr) throws SocketException {
	if (addr == null)
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Address can't be null");
	if (!(addr instanceof InetSocketAddress))
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported address type");
	InetSocketAddress epoint = (InetSocketAddress) addr;
	if (epoint.isUnresolved())
	    throw new SocketException("Unresolved address");
	connectInternal(epoint.getAddress(), epoint.getPort());
    }

    /** 
     * Disconnects the socket. This does nothing if the socket is not
     * connected.
     *
     * @see #connect
     */
    public void disconnect() {
	synchronized (this) {
	    if (isClosed())
		return;
	    if (connectState == ST_CONNECTED) {
	    	impl.disconnect ();
	    }
	    connectedAddress = null;
	    connectedPort = -1;
	    connectState = ST_NOT_CONNECTED;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Returns the binding state of the socket.
     *
     * @return true if the socket succesfuly bound to an address
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public boolean isBound() {
	return bound;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the connection state of the socket.
     *
     * @return true if the socket succesfuly connected to a server
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public boolean isConnected() {
	return connectState != ST_NOT_CONNECTED;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the address to which this socket is connected. Returns null
     * if the socket is not connected.
     *
     * @return the address to which this socket is connected.
     */
    public InetAddress getInetAddress() {
	return connectedAddress;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the port for this socket. Returns -1 if the socket is not
     * connected.
     *
     * @return the port to which this socket is connected.
     */
    public int getPort() {
	return connectedPort;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is connected to, or
     * <code>null</null> if it is unconnected.
     * @return a <code>SocketAddress</code> reprensenting the remote endpoint of this
     *	       socket, or <code>null</code> if it is not connected yet.
     * @see #getInetAddress()
     * @see #getPort()
     * @see #connect(SocketAddress)
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public SocketAddress getRemoteSocketAddress() {
	if (!isConnected())
	    return null;
	return new InetSocketAddress(getInetAddress(), getPort());
    }

    /**
     * Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is bound to, or
     * <code>null</code> if it is not bound yet.
     *
     * @return a <code>SocketAddress</code> representing the local endpoint of this
     *	       socket, or <code>null</code> if it is not bound yet.
     * @see #getLocalAddress()
     * @see #getLocalPort()
     * @see #bind(SocketAddress)
     * @since 1.4
     */

    public SocketAddress getLocalSocketAddress() {
	if (!isBound())
	    return null;
	return new InetSocketAddress(getLocalAddress(), getLocalPort());
    }

    /**
     * Sends a datagram packet from this socket. The
     * <code>DatagramPacket</code> includes information indicating the
     * data to be sent, its length, the IP address of the remote host,
     * and the port number on the remote host.
     *
     * <p>If there is a security manager, and the socket is not currently
     * connected to a remote address, this method first performs some
     * security checks. First, if <code>p.getAddress().isMulticastAddress()</code>
     * is true, this method calls the
     * security manager's <code>checkMulticast</code> method
     * with <code>p.getAddress()</code> as its argument.
     * If the evaluation of that expression is false,
     * this method instead calls the security manager's 
     * <code>checkConnect</code> method with arguments
     * <code>p.getAddress().getHostAddress()</code> and
     * <code>p.getPort()</code>. Each call to a security manager method
     * could result in a SecurityException if the operation is not allowed.
     * 
     * @param      p   the <code>DatagramPacket</code> to be sent.
     * 
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkMulticast</code> or <code>checkConnect</code> 
     *             method doesn't allow the send.
     * @exception  PortUnreachableException may be thrown if the socket is connected
     *             to a currently unreachable destination. Note, there is no 
     * 		   guarantee that the exception will be thrown.
     * @exception  java.nio.channels.IllegalBlockingModeException
     *             if this socket has an associated channel,
     *             and the channel is in non-blocking mode.
     * 
     * @see        java.net.DatagramPacket
     * @see        SecurityManager#checkMulticast(InetAddress)
     * @see        SecurityManager#checkConnect
     * @revised 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public void send(DatagramPacket p) throws IOException  {
	InetAddress packetAddress = null;
	synchronized (p) {
	    if (isClosed())
		throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	    if (connectState == ST_NOT_CONNECTED) {
		// check the address is ok wiht the security manager on every send.
		SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();

		// The reason you want to synchronize on datagram packet
		// is because you dont want an applet to change the address 
		// while you are trying to send the packet for example 
		// after the security check but before the send.
		if (security != null) {
		    if (p.getAddress().isMulticastAddress()) {
			security.checkMulticast(p.getAddress());
		    } else {
			security.checkConnect(p.getAddress().getHostAddress(), 
					      p.getPort());
		    }
		}
	    } else {
		// we're connected
		packetAddress = p.getAddress();
		if (packetAddress == null) {
		    p.setAddress(connectedAddress);
		    p.setPort(connectedPort);
		} else if ((!packetAddress.equals(connectedAddress)) ||
			   p.getPort() != connectedPort) {
		    throw new IllegalArgumentException("connected address " +
						       "and packet address" +
						       " differ");
		}
	    }
	    // Check whether the socket is bound
	    if (!isBound())
		bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));
	    // call the  method to send
	    getImpl().send(p);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Receives a datagram packet from this socket. When this method
     * returns, the <code>DatagramPacket</code>'s buffer is filled with
     * the data received. The datagram packet also contains the sender's
     * IP address, and the port number on the sender's machine.
     * <p>
     * This method blocks until a datagram is received. The
     * <code>length</code> field of the datagram packet object contains
     * the length of the received message. If the message is longer than
     * the packet's length, the message is truncated.
     * <p>
     * If there is a security manager, a packet cannot be received if the
     * security manager's <code>checkAccept</code> method
     * does not allow it.
     * 
     * @param      p   the <code>DatagramPacket</code> into which to place
     *                 the incoming data.
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs.
     * @exception  SocketTimeoutException  if setSoTimeout was previously called
     *		       and the timeout has expired.
     * @exception  PortUnreachableException may be thrown if the socket is connected
     *       	   to a currently unreachable destination. Note, there is no guarantee that the
     *       	   exception will be thrown.
     * @exception  java.nio.channels.IllegalBlockingModeException
     *             if this socket has an associated channel,
     *             and the channel is in non-blocking mode.
     * @see        java.net.DatagramPacket
     * @see        java.net.DatagramSocket
     * @revised 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public synchronized void receive(DatagramPacket p) throws IOException {
      	synchronized (p) {
	    if (!isBound())
		bind(new InetSocketAddress(0));
	    if (connectState == ST_NOT_CONNECTED) {
		// check the address is ok with the security manager before every recv.
		SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
		if (security != null) {
		    while(true) {
			String peekAd = null;
			int peekPort = 0;
			// peek at the packet to see who it is from.
			if (!oldImpl) {
			    // We can use the new peekData() API
			    DatagramPacket peekPacket = new DatagramPacket(new byte[1], 1);
			    peekPort = getImpl().peekData(peekPacket);
			    peekAd = peekPacket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
			} else {
			    InetAddress adr = new InetAddress();
			    peekPort = getImpl().peek(adr);
			    peekAd = adr.getHostAddress();
			}
			try {
			    security.checkAccept(peekAd, peekPort);
			    // security check succeeded - so now break
			    // and recv the packet.
			    break;
			} catch (SecurityException se) {
			    // Throw away the offending packet by consuming
			    // it in a tmp buffer.
			    DatagramPacket tmp = new DatagramPacket(new byte[1], 1);
			    getImpl().receive(tmp);
			
			    // silently discard the offending packet
			    // and continue: unknown/malicious
			    // entities on nets should not make
			    // runtime throw security exception and
			    // disrupt the applet by sending random
			    // datagram packets.
			    continue;
			} 
		    } // end of while
		}
	    }
	    if (connectState == ST_CONNECTED_NO_IMPL) {
		// We have to do the filtering the old fashioned way since
		// the native impl doesn't support connect or the connect
		// via the impl failed.
		boolean stop = false;
		while (!stop) {
		    // peek at the packet to see who it is from.
		    InetAddress peekAddress = new InetAddress();
		    int peekPort = getImpl().peek(peekAddress);
		    if ((!connectedAddress.equals(peekAddress)) ||
			(connectedPort != peekPort)) {
			// throw the packet away and silently continue
			DatagramPacket tmp = new DatagramPacket(new byte[1], 1);
			getImpl().receive(tmp);
		    } else {
			stop = true;
		    }
		}
	    }
	    // If the security check succeeds, or the datagram is
	    // connected then receive the packet
	    getImpl().receive(p);
	}
    }

    /**
     * Gets the local address to which the socket is bound.
     *
     * <p>If there is a security manager, its
     * <code>checkConnect</code> method is first called
     * with the host address and <code>-1</code>
     * as its arguments to see if the operation is allowed.
     *
     * @see SecurityManager#checkConnect
     * @return  the local address to which the socket is bound, or
     *		an <code>InetAddress</code> representing any local
     *		address if either the socket is not bound, or
     *		the security manager <code>checkConnect</code>
     *		method does not allow the operation
     * @since   1.1
     */
    public InetAddress getLocalAddress() {
	if (isClosed())
	    return null;
	InetAddress in = null;
	try {
	    in = (InetAddress) getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_BINDADDR);
	    if (in.isAnyLocalAddress()) {
		in = InetAddress.anyLocalAddress();
	    }
	    SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
	    if (s != null) {
		s.checkConnect(in.getHostAddress(), -1);
	    }
	} catch (Exception e) {
	    in = InetAddress.anyLocalAddress(); // "0.0.0.0"
	}
	return in;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the port number on the local host to which this socket is bound.
     *
     * @return  the port number on the local host to which this socket is bound.
     */
    public int getLocalPort() {
	if (isClosed())
	    return -1;
	try {
	    return getImpl().getLocalPort();
	} catch (Exception e) {
	    return 0;
	}
    }

    /** Enable/disable SO_TIMEOUT with the specified timeout, in
     *  milliseconds. With this option set to a non-zero timeout,
     *  a call to receive() for this DatagramSocket
     *  will block for only this amount of time.  If the timeout expires,
     *  a <B>java.net.SocketTimeoutException</B> is raised, though the
     *  DatagramSocket is still valid.  The option <B>must</B> be enabled
     *  prior to entering the blocking operation to have effect.  The
     *  timeout must be > 0.
     *  A timeout of zero is interpreted as an infinite timeout.
     *
     * @param timeout the specified timeout in milliseconds.
     * @throws SocketException if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error. 
     * @since   JDK1.1
     * @see #getSoTimeout()
     */
    public synchronized void setSoTimeout(int timeout) throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_TIMEOUT, new Integer(timeout));
    }

    /**
     * Retrive setting for SO_TIMEOUT.  0 returns implies that the
     * option is disabled (i.e., timeout of infinity).
     *
     * @return the setting for SO_TIMEOUT
     * @throws SocketException if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @since   JDK1.1
     * @see #setSoTimeout(int)
     */
    public synchronized int getSoTimeout() throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	if (getImpl() == null)
	    return 0;
	Object o = getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_TIMEOUT);
	/* extra type safety */
	if (o instanceof Integer) {
	    return ((Integer) o).intValue();
	} else {
	    return 0;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Sets the SO_SNDBUF option to the specified value for this
     * <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>. The SO_SNDBUF option is used by the 
     * network implementation as a hint to size the underlying
     * network I/O buffers. The SO_SNDBUF setting may also be used 
     * by the network implementation to determine the maximum size
     * of the packet that can be sent on this socket.
     * <p>
     * As SO_SNDBUF is a hint, applications that want to verify
     * what size the buffer is should call {@link #getSendBufferSize()}.
     * <p>
     * Increasing the buffer size may allow multiple outgoing packets 
     * to be queued by the network implementation when the send rate
     * is high. 
     * <p>
     * Note: If {@link #send()} is used to send a 
     * <code>DatagramPacket</code> that is larger than the setting
     * of SO_SNDBUF then it is implementation specific if the
     * packet is sent or discarded.
     *
     * @param size the size to which to set the send buffer
     * size. This value must be greater than 0.
     *
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error 
     * in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the value is 0 or is
     * negative.
     * @see #getSendBufferSize()
     */
    public synchronized void setSendBufferSize(int size)
    throws SocketException{
	if (!(size > 0)) {
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative send size");
	}
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_SNDBUF, new Integer(size));
    }

    /**
     * Get value of the SO_SNDBUF option for this <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>, that is the
     * buffer size used by the platform for output on this <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>.
     *
     * @return the value of the SO_SNDBUF option for this <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error in 
     * the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @see #setSendBufferSize
     */
    public synchronized int getSendBufferSize() throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	int result = 0;
	Object o = getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_SNDBUF);
	if (o instanceof Integer) {
	    result = ((Integer)o).intValue();
	}
	return result;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the SO_RCVBUF option to the specified value for this
     * <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>. The SO_RCVBUF option is used by the
     * the network implementation as a hint to size the underlying
     * network I/O buffers. The SO_RCVBUF setting may also be used
     * by the network implementation to determine the maximum size
     * of the packet that can be received on this socket.
     * <p>
     * Because SO_RCVBUF is a hint, applications that want to
     * verify what size the buffers were set to should call
     * {@link #getReceiveBufferSize()}.
     * <p>
     * Increasing SO_RCVBUF may allow the network implementation
     * to buffer multiple packets when packets arrive faster than
     * are being received using {@link #receive()}.
     * <p>
     * Note: It is implementation specific if a packet larger
     * than SO_RCVBUF can be received.
     *
     * @param size the size to which to set the receive buffer
     * size. This value must be greater than 0.
     *
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error in 
     * the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the value is 0 or is
     * negative.
     * @see #getReceiveBufferSize()
     */
    public synchronized void setReceiveBufferSize(int size)
    throws SocketException{
	if (size <= 0) {
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid receive size");
	}
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_RCVBUF, new Integer(size));
    }

    /**
     * Get value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>, that is the
     * buffer size used by the platform for input on this <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>.
     *
     * @return the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this <tt>DatagramSocket</tt>
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @see #setReceiveBufferSize(int)
     */
    public synchronized int getReceiveBufferSize()
    throws SocketException{
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	int result = 0;
	Object o = getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_RCVBUF);
	if (o instanceof Integer) {
	    result = ((Integer)o).intValue();
	}
	return result;
    }

    /**
     * Enable/disable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.
     * <p>
     * For UDP sockets it may be necessary to bind more than one
     * socket to the same socket address. This is typically for the
     * purpose of receiving multicast packets
     * (See {@link #java.net.MulticastSocket}). The
     * <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> socket option allows multiple
     * sockets to be bound to the same socket address if the
     * <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> socket option is enabled prior
     * to binding the socket using {@link #bind(SocketAddress)}.
     * <p>
     * When a <tt>DatagramSocket</tt> is created the initial setting
     * of <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> is disabled.
     * <p>
     * The behaviour when <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> is enabled or
     * disabled after a socket is bound (See {@link #isBound()})
     * is not defined.
     * 
     * @param on  whether to enable or disable the 
     * @exception SocketException if an error occurs enabling or
     *            disabling the <tt>SO_RESUEADDR</tt> socket option,
     *	   	  or the socket is closed.
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #getReuseAddress()     
     * @see #bind(SocketAddress)     
     * @see #isBound()
     * @see #isClosed()
     */
    public synchronized void setReuseAddress(boolean on) throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	// Integer instead of Boolean for compatibility with older DatagramSocketImpl
        if (oldImpl)
	    getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_REUSEADDR, new Integer(on?-1:0));
	else
	    getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_REUSEADDR, new Boolean(on));
    }

    /**
     * Tests if SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.
     *
     * @return a <code>boolean</code> indicating whether or not SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error
     * in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error. 
     * @since   1.4
     * @see #setReuseAddress(boolean)
     */
    public synchronized boolean getReuseAddress() throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	Object o = getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_REUSEADDR);
	return ((Boolean)o).booleanValue();
    }

    /**
     * Enable/disable SO_BROADCAST.
     * @param on     whether or not to have broadcast turned on.
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error
     * in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #getBroadcast()
     */
    public synchronized void setBroadcast(boolean on) throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
        getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_BROADCAST, new Boolean(on));
    }

    /**
     * Tests if SO_BROADCAST is enabled.
     * @return a <code>boolean</code> indicating whether or not SO_BROADCAST is enabled.
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error
     * in the underlying protocol, such as an UDP error.
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #setBroadcast(boolean)
     */
    public synchronized boolean getBroadcast() throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
        return ((Boolean)(getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_BROADCAST))).booleanValue();
    }

    /**
     * Sets traffic class or type-of-service octet in the IP
     * datagram header for datagrams sent from this DatagramSocket.
     * As the underlying network implementation may ignore this
     * value applications should consider it a hint.
     *
     * <P> The tc <B>must</B> be in the range <code> 0 <= tc <=
     * 255</code> or an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown.
     * <p>Notes:
     * <p> for Internet Protocol v4 the value consists of an octet
     * with precedence and TOS fields as detailed in RFC 1349. The
     * TOS field is bitset created by bitwise-or'ing values such
     * the following :-
     * <p>
     * <UL>
     * <LI><CODE>IPTOS_LOWCOST (0x02)</CODE></LI>
     * <LI><CODE>IPTOS_RELIABILITY (0x04)</CODE></LI>
     * <LI><CODE>IPTOS_THROUGHPUT (0x08)</CODE></LI>
     * <LI><CODE>IPTOS_LOWDELAY (0x10)</CODE></LI>
     * </UL>
     * The last low order bit is always ignored as this
     * corresponds to the MBZ (must be zero) bit.
     * <p>
     * Setting bits in the precedence field may result in a 
     * SocketException indicating that the operation is not
     * permitted.
     * <p>
     * for Internet Protocol v6 <code>tc</code> is the value that 
     * would be placed into the sin6_flowinfo field of the IP header.
     *
     * @param tc	an <code>int</code> value for the bitset.
     * @throws SocketException if there is an error setting the
     * traffic class or type-of-service 
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #getTrafficClass
     */
    public synchronized void setTrafficClass(int tc) throws SocketException {
	if (tc < 0 || tc > 255)
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("tc is not in range 0 -- 255");

	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
        getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.IP_TOS, new Integer(tc));
    }

    /**
     * Gets traffic class or type-of-service in the IP datagram 
     * header for packets sent from this DatagramSocket.
     * <p>
     * As the underlying network implementation may ignore the
     * traffic class or type-of-service set using {@link #setTrafficClass()}
     * this method may return a different value than was previously
     * set using the {@link #setTrafficClass()} method on this 
     * DatagramSocket.
     *
     * @return the traffic class or type-of-service already set
     * @throws SocketException if there is an error obtaining the
     * traffic class or type-of-service value.
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #setTrafficClass
     */
    public synchronized int getTrafficClass() throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
        return ((Integer)(getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.IP_TOS))).intValue();
    }

    /**
     * Closes this datagram socket.
     * <p>
     * Any thread currently blocked in {#link receive} upon this socket
     * will throw a {@link SocketException}.
     *
     * <p> If this socket has an associated channel then the channel is closed
     * as well.
     *
     * @revised 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public void close() {
	synchronized(closeLock) {
	    if (isClosed())
		return;
	    impl.close();
	    closed = true;
	}
    }
 
    /**
     * Returns wether the socket is closed or not.
     *
     * @return true if the socket has been closed
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public boolean isClosed() {
	synchronized(closeLock) {
	    return closed;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Returns the unique {@link java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel} object
     * associated with this datagram socket, if any.
     *
     * <p> A datagram socket will have a channel if, and only if, the channel
     * itself was created via the {@link java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel#open
     * DatagramChannel.open} method.
     *
     * @return  the datagram channel associated with this datagram socket,
     *          or <tt>null</tt> if this socket was not created for a channel
     *
     * @since 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public DatagramChannel getChannel() {
	return null;
    }

    /**
     * The factory for all datagram sockets.
     */
    static DatagramSocketImplFactory factory;
 
    /**
     * Sets the datagram socket implementation factory for the
     * application. The factory can be specified only once.
     * <p>
     * When an application creates a new datagram socket, the socket
     * implementation factory's <code>createDatagramSocketImpl</code> method is
     * called to create the actual datagram socket implementation.
     * 
     * <p>If there is a security manager, this method first calls
     * the security manager's <code>checkSetFactory</code> method 
     * to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     * @param      fac   the desired factory.
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs when setting the
     *              datagram socket factory.
     * @exception  SocketException  if the factory is already defined.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkSetFactory</code> method doesn't allow the 
     operation.
     * @see        
     java.net.DatagramSocketImplFactory#createDatagramSocketImpl()
     * @see       SecurityManager#checkSetFactory
     */
    public static synchronized void 
    setDatagramSocketImplFactory(DatagramSocketImplFactory fac)
       throws IOException
    {
        if (factory != null) {
	    throw new SocketException("factory already defined");
	}
 	SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
 	if (security != null) {
	    security.checkSetFactory();
 	}
 	factory = fac;
    }
}