/*
 * @(#)ServerSocket.java	1.75 03/01/23
 *
 * Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */

package java.net;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;

/**
 * This class implements server sockets. A server socket waits for 
 * requests to come in over the network. It performs some operation 
 * based on that request, and then possibly returns a result to the requester.
 * <p>
 * The actual work of the server socket is performed by an instance 
 * of the <code>SocketImpl</code> class. An application can 
 * change the socket factory that creates the socket 
 * implementation to configure itself to create sockets 
 * appropriate to the local firewall. 
 *
 * @author  unascribed
 * @version 1.75, 01/23/03
 * @see     java.net.SocketImpl
 * @see     java.net.ServerSocket#setSocketFactory(java.net.SocketImplFactory)
 * @see     java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel
 * @since   JDK1.0
 */
public 
class ServerSocket {
    /**
     * Various states of this socket.
     */
    private boolean created = false;
    private boolean bound = false;
    private boolean closed = false;
    private Object closeLock = new Object();

    /**
     * The implementation of this Socket.
     */
    private SocketImpl impl;

    /**
     * Are we using an older SocketImpl?
     */
    private boolean oldImpl = false;

    /**
     * Creates an unbound server socket.
     *
     * @exception IOException IO error when opening the socket.
     * @revised 1.4
     */
    public ServerSocket() throws IOException {
	setImpl();
    }

    /**
     * Creates a server socket, bound to the specified port. A port of 
     * <code>0</code> creates a socket on any free port. 
     * <p>
     * The maximum queue length for incoming connection indications (a 
     * request to connect) is set to <code>50</code>. If a connection 
     * indication arrives when the queue is full, the connection is refused.
     * <p>
     * If the application has specified a server socket factory, that 
     * factory's <code>createSocketImpl</code> method is called to create 
     * the actual socket implementation. Otherwise a "plain" socket is created.
     * <p>
     * If there is a security manager, 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method is called
     * with the <code>port</code> argument
     * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     *
     * @param      port  the port number, or <code>0</code> to use any
     *                   free port.
     * 
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs when opening the socket.
     * @exception  SecurityException
     * if a security manager exists and its <code>checkListen</code> 
     * method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @see        java.net.SocketImpl
     * @see        java.net.SocketImplFactory#createSocketImpl()
     * @see        java.net.ServerSocket#setSocketFactory(java.net.SocketImplFactory)
     * @see        SecurityManager#checkListen
     */
    public ServerSocket(int port) throws IOException {
	this(port, 50, null);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a server socket and binds it to the specified local port 
     * number, with the specified backlog. 
     * A port number of <code>0</code> creates a socket on any 
     * free port. 
     * <p>
     * The maximum queue length for incoming connection indications (a 
     * request to connect) is set to the <code>backlog</code> parameter. If 
     * a connection indication arrives when the queue is full, the 
     * connection is refused. 
     * <p>
     * If the application has specified a server socket factory, that 
     * factory's <code>createSocketImpl</code> method is called to create 
     * the actual socket implementation. Otherwise a "plain" socket is created.
     * <p>
     * If there is a security manager, 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method is called
     * with the <code>port</code> argument
     * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     * <P>The <code>backlog</code> argument must be a positive
     * value greater than 0. If the value passed if equal or less
     * than 0, then the default value will be assumed.
     * <P>
     *
     * @param      port     the specified port, or <code>0</code> to use
     *                      any free port.
     * @param      backlog  the maximum length of the queue.
     * 
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs when opening the socket.
     * @exception  SecurityException
     * if a security manager exists and its <code>checkListen</code> 
     * method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @see        java.net.SocketImpl
     * @see        java.net.SocketImplFactory#createSocketImpl()
     * @see        java.net.ServerSocket#setSocketFactory(java.net.SocketImplFactory)
     * @see        SecurityManager#checkListen
     */
    public ServerSocket(int port, int backlog) throws IOException {
	this(port, backlog, null);
    }

    /** 
     * Create a server with the specified port, listen backlog, and 
     * local IP address to bind to.  The <i>bindAddr</i> argument
     * can be used on a multi-homed host for a ServerSocket that
     * will only accept connect requests to one of its addresses.
     * If <i>bindAddr</i> is null, it will default accepting
     * connections on any/all local addresses.
     * The port must be between 0 and 65535, inclusive.
     * 
     * <P>If there is a security manager, this method 
     * calls its <code>checkListen</code> method
     * with the <code>port</code> argument
     * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     * <P>The <code>backlog</code> argument must be a positive
     * value greater than 0. If the value passed if equal or less
     * than 0, then the default value will be assumed.
     * <P>
     * @param port the local TCP port
     * @param backlog the listen backlog
     * @param bindAddr the local InetAddress the server will bind to
     * 
     * @throws  SecurityException if a security manager exists and 
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * 
     * @throws  IOException if an I/O error occurs when opening the socket.
     *
     * @see SocketOptions
     * @see SocketImpl
     * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
     * @since   JDK1.1
     */
    public ServerSocket(int port, int backlog, InetAddress bindAddr) throws IOException {
	setImpl();
	if (port < 0 || port > 0xFFFF)
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
		       "Port value out of range: " + port);
	if (backlog < 1)
	  backlog = 50;
	try {
	    bind(new InetSocketAddress(bindAddr, port), backlog);
	} catch(SecurityException e) {
	    close();
	    throw e;
	} catch(IOException e) {
	    close();
	    throw e;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Get the <code>SocketImpl</code> attached to this socket, creating
     * it if necessary.
     *
     * @return	the <code>SocketImpl</code> attached to that ServerSocket.
     * @throws SocketException if creation fails.
     * @since 1.4
     */
    SocketImpl getImpl() throws SocketException {
	if (!created)
	    createImpl();
	return impl;
    }

    private void checkOldImpl() {
	if (impl == null)
	    return;
	// SocketImpl.connect() is a protected method, therefore we need to use
	// getDeclaredMethod, therefore we need permission to access the member
	try {
	    AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction() {
		    public Object run() throws NoSuchMethodException {
			Class[] cl = new Class[2];
			cl[0] = SocketAddress.class;
			cl[1] = Integer.TYPE;
			impl.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("connect", cl);
			return null;
		    }
		});
	} catch (java.security.PrivilegedActionException e) {
	    oldImpl = true;
	}
    }

    private void setImpl() {
	if (factory != null) {
	    impl = factory.createSocketImpl();
	    checkOldImpl();
	} else {
	    // No need to do a checkOldImpl() here, we know it's an up to date
	    // SocketImpl!
	    impl = new PlainSocketImpl();
	}
	if (impl != null)
	    impl.setServerSocket(this);
    }

    /**
     * Creates the socket implementation.
     *
     * @throws IOException if creation fails
     * @since 1.4
     */
    void createImpl() throws SocketException {
	setImpl();
	try {
	    impl.create(true);
	    created = true;
	} catch (IOException e) {
	    throw new SocketException(e.getMessage());
	}
    }

    /**
     *
     * Binds the <code>ServerSocket</code> to a specific address
     * (IP address and port number).
     * <p>
     * If the address is <code>null</code>, then the system will pick up
     * an ephemeral port and a valid local address to bind the socket.
     * <p>
     * @param	endpoint	The IP address & port number to bind to.
     * @throws	IOException if the bind operation fails, or if the socket
     *			   is already bound.
     * @throws	SecurityException	if a <code>SecurityManager</code> is present and
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * @throws  IllegalArgumentException if endpoint is a
     *          SocketAddress subclass not supported by this socket
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public void bind(SocketAddress endpoint) throws IOException {
	bind(endpoint, 50);
    }

    /**
     *
     * Binds the <code>ServerSocket</code> to a specific address
     * (IP address and port number).
     * <p>
     * If the address is <code>null</code>, then the system will pick up
     * an ephemeral port and a valid local address to bind the socket.
     * <P>
     * The <code>backlog</code> argument must be a positive
     * value greater than 0. If the value passed if equal or less
     * than 0, then the default value will be assumed.
     * @param	endpoint	The IP address & port number to bind to.
     * @param	backlog		The listen backlog length.
     * @throws	IOException if the bind operation fails, or if the socket
     *			   is already bound.
     * @throws	SecurityException	if a <code>SecurityManager</code> is present and
     * its <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * @throws  IllegalArgumentException if endpoint is a
     *          SocketAddress subclass not supported by this socket
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public void bind(SocketAddress endpoint, int backlog) throws IOException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	if (!oldImpl && isBound())
	    throw new SocketException("Already bound");
	if (endpoint == null)
	    endpoint = new InetSocketAddress(0);
	if (!(endpoint instanceof InetSocketAddress))
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported address type");
	InetSocketAddress epoint = (InetSocketAddress) endpoint;
	if (epoint.isUnresolved())
	    throw new SocketException("Unresolved address");
	if (backlog < 1)
	  backlog = 50;
	try {
	    SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
	    if (security != null)
		security.checkListen(epoint.getPort());
	    getImpl().bind(epoint.getAddress(), epoint.getPort());
	    getImpl().listen(backlog);
	    bound = true;
	} catch(SecurityException e) {
	    bound = false;
	    throw e;
	} catch(IOException e) {
	    bound = false;
	    throw e;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Returns the local address of this server socket.
     *
     * @return  the address to which this socket is bound,
     *          or <code>null</code> if the socket is unbound.
     */
    public InetAddress getInetAddress() {
	if (!isBound())
	    return null;
	try {
	    return getImpl().getInetAddress();
	} catch (SocketException e) {
	    // nothing
	    // If we're bound, the the impl has been created
	    // so we shouldn't get here
	}
	return null;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the port on which this socket is listening.
     *
     * @return  the port number to which this socket is listening or
     *	        -1 if the socket is not bound yet.
     */
    public int getLocalPort() {
	if (!isBound())
	    return -1;
	try {
	    return getImpl().getLocalPort();
	} catch (SocketException e) {
	    // nothing
	    // If we're bound, the the impl has been created
	    // so we shouldn't get here
	}
	return -1;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the address of the endpoint this socket is bound to, or
     * <code>null</code> if it is not bound yet.
     *
     * @return a <code>SocketAddress</code> representing the local endpoint of this
     *	       socket, or <code>null</code> if it is not bound yet.
     * @see #getInetAddress()
     * @see #getLocalPort()
     * @see #bind(SocketAddress)
     * @since 1.4
     */

    public SocketAddress getLocalSocketAddress() {
	if (!isBound())
	    return null;
	return new InetSocketAddress(getInetAddress(), getLocalPort());
    }

    /**
     * Listens for a connection to be made to this socket and accepts 
     * it. The method blocks until a connection is made. 
     *
     * <p>A new Socket <code>s</code> is created and, if there 
     * is a security manager, 
     * the security manager's <code>checkAccept</code> method is called
     * with <code>s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress()</code> and
     * <code>s.getPort()</code>
     * as its arguments to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     * 
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs when waiting for a
     *               connection.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkListen</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * @exception  SocketTimeoutException if a timeout was previously set with setSoTimeout and
     *             the timeout has been reached.
     * @exception  java.nio.channels.IllegalBlockingModeException
     *             if this socket has an associated channel,
     *             and the channel is in non-blocking mode.
     *
     * @return the new Socket
     * @see SecurityManager#checkAccept
     * @revised 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public Socket accept() throws IOException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	if (!isBound())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is not bound yet");
	Socket s = new Socket((SocketImpl) null);
	implAccept(s);
	return s;
    }

    /**
     * Subclasses of ServerSocket use this method to override accept()
     * to return their own subclass of socket.  So a FooServerSocket
     * will typically hand this method an <i>empty</i> FooSocket.  On
     * return from implAccept the FooSocket will be connected to a client.
     *
     * @param s the Socket
     * @throws java.nio.channels.IllegalBlockingModeException
     *         if this socket has an associated channel,
     *         and the channel is in non-blocking mode
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs when waiting 
     * for a connection.
     * @since   JDK1.1
     * @revised 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    protected final void implAccept(Socket s) throws IOException {
	SocketImpl si = null;
	try {
	    if (s.impl == null)
	      s.setImpl();
	    si = s.impl;	    
	    s.impl = null;
	    si.address = new InetAddress();
	    si.fd = new FileDescriptor();
	    getImpl().accept(si);
 	    
	    SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
	    if (security != null) {
		security.checkAccept(si.getInetAddress().getHostAddress(),
				     si.getPort());
	    }
	} catch (IOException e) {
	    if (si != null)
		si.reset();
            s.impl = si;
	    throw e;
	} catch (SecurityException e) {
	    if (si != null)
		si.reset();
	    s.impl = si;
	    throw e;
	}
	s.impl = si;
	s.postAccept();
    }

    /**
     * Closes this socket. 
     * 
     * Any thread currently blocked in {@link #accept()} will throw
     * a {@link SocketException}.
     *
     * <p> If this socket has an associated channel then the channel is closed
     * as well.
     *
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs when closing the socket.
     * @revised 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public void close() throws IOException {
	synchronized(closeLock) {
	    if (isClosed())
		return;
	    if (created)
		impl.close();
	    closed = true;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Returns the unique {@link java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel} object
     * associated with this socket, if any.
     *
     * <p> A server socket will have a channel if, and only if, the channel
     * itself was created via the {@link
     * java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel#open ServerSocketChannel.open}
     * method.
     *
     * @return  the server-socket channel associated with this socket,
     *          or <tt>null</tt> if this socket was not created
     *          for a channel
     *
     * @since 1.4
     * @spec JSR-51
     */
    public ServerSocketChannel getChannel() {
	return null;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the binding state of the ServerSocket.
     *
     * @return true if the ServerSocket succesfuly bound to an address
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public boolean isBound() {
	// Before 1.3 ServerSockets were always bound during creation
	return bound || oldImpl;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the closed state of the ServerSocket.
     *
     * @return true if the socket has been closed
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public boolean isClosed() {
	synchronized(closeLock) {
	    return closed;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Enable/disable SO_TIMEOUT with the specified timeout, in
     * milliseconds.  With this option set to a non-zero timeout,
     * a call to accept() for this ServerSocket
     * will block for only this amount of time.  If the timeout expires,
     * a <B>java.net.SocketTimeoutException</B> is raised, though the
     * ServerSocket is still valid.  The option <B>must</B> be enabled
     * prior to entering the blocking operation to have effect.  The 
     * timeout must be > 0.
     * A timeout of zero is interpreted as an infinite timeout.  
     * @param timeout the specified timeout, in milliseconds
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error in 
     * the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error. 
     * @since   JDK1.1
     * @see #getSoTimeout()
     */
    public synchronized void setSoTimeout(int timeout) throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_TIMEOUT, new Integer(timeout));
    }

    /** 
     * Retrive setting for SO_TIMEOUT.  0 returns implies that the
     * option is disabled (i.e., timeout of infinity).
     * @return the SO_TIMEOUT value
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs
     * @since   JDK1.1
     * @see #setSoTimeout(int)
     */
    public synchronized int getSoTimeout() throws IOException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	Object o = getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_TIMEOUT);
	/* extra type safety */
	if (o instanceof Integer) {
	    return ((Integer) o).intValue();
	} else {
	    return 0;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Enable/disable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.
     * <p>
     * When a TCP connection is closed the connection may remain
     * in a timeout state for a period of time after the connection
     * is closed (typically known as the <tt>TIME_WAIT</tt> state 
     * or <tt>2MSL</tt> wait state).
     * For applications using a well known socket address or port 
     * it may not be possible to bind a socket to the required
     * <tt>SocketAddress</tt> if there is a connection in the
     * timeout state involving the socket address or port. 
     * <p>
     * Enabling <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> prior to binding the socket
     * using {@link #bind(SocketAddress)} allows the socket to be
     * bound even though a previous connection is in a timeout
     * state.
     * <p>
     * When a <tt>ServerSocket</tt> is created the initial setting
     * of <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> is not defined. Applications can
     * use {@link getReuseAddress()} to determine the initial 
     * setting of <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt>. 
     * <p>
     * The behaviour when <tt>SO_REUSEADDR</tt> is enabled or
     * disabled after a socket is bound (See {@link #isBound()})
     * is not defined.
     * 
     * @param on  whether to enable or disable the socket option
     * @exception SocketException if an error occurs enabling or
     *            disabling the <tt>SO_RESUEADDR</tt> socket option,
     *		  or the socket is closed.
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #getReuseAddress()     
     * @see #bind(SocketAddress)
     * @see #isBound()
     * @see #isClosed()
     */     
    public void setReuseAddress(boolean on) throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
        getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_REUSEADDR, new Boolean(on));
    }

    /**
     * Tests if SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.
     *
     * @return a <code>boolean</code> indicating whether or not SO_REUSEADDR is enabled.
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error
     * in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error. 
     * @since   1.4
     * @see #setReuseAddress(boolean)
     */
    public boolean getReuseAddress() throws SocketException {
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	return ((Boolean) (getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_REUSEADDR))).booleanValue();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the implementation address and implementation port of 
     * this socket as a <code>String</code>.
     *
     * @return  a string representation of this socket.
     */
    public String toString() {
	if (!isBound())
	    return "ServerSocket[unbound]";
	return "ServerSocket[addr=" + impl.getInetAddress() + 
		",port=" + impl.getPort() + 
		",localport=" + impl.getLocalPort()  + "]";
    }

    void setBound() {
	bound = true;
    }

    void setCreated() {
	created = true;
    }

    /**
     * The factory for all server sockets.
     */
    private static SocketImplFactory factory;

    /**
     * Sets the server socket implementation factory for the 
     * application. The factory can be specified only once. 
     * <p>
     * When an application creates a new server socket, the socket 
     * implementation factory's <code>createSocketImpl</code> method is 
     * called to create the actual socket implementation. 
     * <p>
     * If there is a security manager, this method first calls
     * the security manager's <code>checkSetFactory</code> method 
     * to ensure the operation is allowed. 
     * This could result in a SecurityException.
     *
     * @param      fac   the desired factory.
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs when setting the
     *               socket factory.
     * @exception  SocketException  if the factory has already been defined.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its  
     *             <code>checkSetFactory</code> method doesn't allow the operation.
     * @see        java.net.SocketImplFactory#createSocketImpl()
     * @see        SecurityManager#checkSetFactory
     */
    public static synchronized void setSocketFactory(SocketImplFactory fac) throws IOException {
	if (factory != null) {
	    throw new SocketException("factory already defined");
	}
	SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
	if (security != null) {
	    security.checkSetFactory();
	}
	factory = fac;
    }

    /**
     * Sets a default proposed value for the SO_RCVBUF option for sockets 
     * accepted from this <tt>ServerSocket</tt>. The value actually set 
     * in the accepted socket must be determined by calling 
     * {@link Socket#getReceiveBufferSize()} after the socket 
     * is returned by {@link #accept()}. 
     * <p>
     * The value of SO_RCVBUF is used both to set the size of the internal
     * socket receive buffer, and to set the size of the TCP receive window
     * that is advertized to the remote peer.
     * <p>
     * It is possible to change the value subsequently, by calling 
     * {@link Socket#setReceiveBufferSize(int)}. However, if the application 
     * wishes to allow a receive window larger than 64K bytes, as defined by RFC1323
     * then the proposed value must be set in the ServerSocket <B>before</B> 
     * it is bound to a local address. This implies, that the ServerSocket must be 
     * created with the no-argument constructor, then setReceiveBufferSize() must 
     * be called and lastly the ServerSocket is bound to an address by calling bind(). 
     * <p>
     * Failure to do this will not cause an error, and the buffer size may be set to the
     * requested value but the TCP receive window in sockets accepted from 
     * this ServerSocket will be no larger than 64K bytes.
     *
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error
     * in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error. 
     *
     * @param size the size to which to set the receive buffer
     * size. This value must be greater than 0.
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the 
     * value is 0 or is negative.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #getReceiveBufferSize
     */
     public synchronized void setReceiveBufferSize (int size) throws SocketException {
	if (!(size > 0)) {
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative receive size");
	}
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.SO_RCVBUF, new Integer(size));
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this <tt>ServerSocket</tt>, 
     * that is the proposed buffer size that will be used for Sockets accepted
     * from this <tt>ServerSocket</tt>.
     * 
     * <p>Note, the value actually set in the accepted socket is determined by
     * calling {@link Socket#getReceiveBufferSize()}.
     * @return the value of the SO_RCVBUF option for this <tt>Socket</tt>.
     * @exception SocketException if there is an error
     * in the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error. 
     * @see #setReceiveBufferSize(int)
     * @since 1.4
     */
    public synchronized int getReceiveBufferSize()
    throws SocketException{
	if (isClosed())
	    throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
	int result = 0;
	Object o = getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.SO_RCVBUF);
	if (o instanceof Integer) {
	    result = ((Integer)o).intValue();
	}
	return result;
    }
}