/*
 * @(#)PropertyPermission.java	1.30 03/01/23
 *
 * Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */

package java.util;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;

/**
 * This class is for property permissions.
 *
 * <P>
 * The name is the name of the property ("java.home",
 * "os.name", etc). The naming
 * convention follows the  hierarchical property naming convention.
 * Also, an asterisk
 * may appear at the end of the name, following a ".", or by itself, to
 * signify a wildcard match. For example: "java.*" or "*" is valid,
 * "*java" or "a*b" is not valid.
 * <P>
 * <P>
 * The actions to be granted are passed to the constructor in a string containing
 * a list of zero or more comma-separated keywords. The possible keywords are
 * "read" and "write". Their meaning is defined as follows:
 * <P>
 * <DL>
 *    <DT> read
 *    <DD> read permission. Allows <code>System.getProperty</code> to
 *         be called.
 *    <DT> write
 *    <DD> write permission. Allows <code>System.setProperty</code> to
 *         be called.
 * </DL>
 * <P>
 * The actions string is converted to lowercase before processing.
 * <P>
 * Care should be taken before granting code permission to access
 * certain system properties.  For example, granting permission to
 * access the "java.home" system property gives potentially malevolent
 * code sensitive information about the system environment (the Java
 * installation directory).  Also, granting permission to access
 * the "user.name" and "user.home" system properties gives potentially
 * malevolent code sensitive information about the user environment
 * (the user's account name and home directory).
 *
 * @see java.security.BasicPermission
 * @see java.security.Permission
 * @see java.security.Permissions
 * @see java.security.PermissionCollection
 * @see java.lang.SecurityManager
 *
 * @version 1.30 03/01/23
 *
 * @author Roland Schemers
 * @since 1.2
 *
 * @serial exclude
 */

public final class PropertyPermission extends BasicPermission {

    /**
     * Read action.
     */
    private final static int READ    = 0x1;

    /**
     * Write action.
     */
    private final static int WRITE   = 0x2;
    /**
     * All actions (read,write);
     */
    private final static int ALL     = READ|WRITE;
    /**
     * No actions.
     */
    private final static int NONE    = 0x0;

    /**
     * The actions mask.
     *
     */
    private transient int mask;

    /**
     * The actions string.
     *
     * @serial 
     */
    private String actions; // Left null as long as possible, then
                            // created and re-used in the getAction function.

    /**
     * initialize a PropertyPermission object. Common to all constructors.
     * Also called during de-serialization.
     *
     * @param mask the actions mask to use.
     *
     */

    private void init(int mask)
    {

	if ((mask & ALL) != mask)
		throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid actions mask");

	if (mask == NONE)
		throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid actions mask");

	if (getName() == null)
		throw new NullPointerException("name can't be null");

	this.mask = mask;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new PropertyPermission object with the specified name.
     * The name is the name of the system property, and
     * <i>actions</i> contains a comma-separated list of the
     * desired actions granted on the property. Possible actions are
     * "read" and "write".
     *
     * @param name the name of the PropertyPermission.
     * @param actions the actions string.
     */

    public PropertyPermission(String name, String actions)
    {
	super(name,actions);
	init(getMask(actions));
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this PropertyPermission object "implies" the specified
     * permission.
     * <P>
     * More specifically, this method returns true if:<p>
     * <ul>
     * <li> <i>p</i> is an instanceof PropertyPermission,<p>
     * <li> <i>p</i>'s actions are a subset of this
     * object's actions, and <p>
     * <li> <i>p</i>'s name is implied by this object's
     *      name. For example, "java.*" implies "java.home".
     * </ul>
     * @param p the permission to check against.
     *
     * @return true if the specified permission is implied by this object,
     * false if not.
     */
    public boolean implies(Permission p) {
	if (!(p instanceof PropertyPermission))
	    return false;

	PropertyPermission that = (PropertyPermission) p;

	// we get the effective mask. i.e., the "and" of this and that.
	// They must be equal to that.mask for implies to return true.

	return ((this.mask & that.mask) == that.mask) && super.implies(that);
    }


    /**
     * Checks two PropertyPermission objects for equality. Checks that <i>obj</i> is
     * a PropertyPermission, and has the same name and actions as this object.
     * <P>
     * @param obj the object we are testing for equality with this object.
     * @return true if obj is a PropertyPermission, and has the same name and
     * actions as this PropertyPermission object.
     */
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
	if (obj == this)
	    return true;

	if (! (obj instanceof PropertyPermission))
	    return false;

	PropertyPermission that = (PropertyPermission) obj;

	return (this.mask == that.mask) &&
	    (this.getName().equals(that.getName()));
    }

    /**
     * Returns the hash code value for this object.
     * The hash code used is the hash code of this permissions name, that is,
     * <code>getName().hashCode()</code>, where <code>getName</code> is
     * from the Permission superclass.
     *
     * @return a hash code value for this object.
     */

    public int hashCode() {
	return this.getName().hashCode();
    }


    /**
     * Converts an actions String to an actions mask.
     *
     * @param action the action string.
     * @return the actions mask.
     */
    private static int getMask(String actions) {

	int mask = NONE;

	if (actions == null) {
	    return mask;
	}

	// Check against use of constants (used heavily within the JDK)
	if (actions == SecurityConstants.PROPERTY_READ_ACTION) {
	    return READ;
	} if (actions == SecurityConstants.PROPERTY_WRITE_ACTION) {
	    return WRITE;
	} else if (actions == SecurityConstants.PROPERTY_RW_ACTION) {
	    return READ|WRITE;
	}

	char[] a = actions.toCharArray();

	int i = a.length - 1;
	if (i < 0)
	    return mask;

	while (i != -1) {
	    char c;

	    // skip whitespace
	    while ((i!=-1) && ((c = a[i]) == ' ' ||
			       c == '\r' ||
			       c == '\n' ||
			       c == '\f' ||
			       c == '\t'))
		i--;

	    // check for the known strings
	    int matchlen;

	    if (i >= 3 && (a[i-3] == 'r' || a[i-3] == 'R') &&
			  (a[i-2] == 'e' || a[i-2] == 'E') &&
			  (a[i-1] == 'a' || a[i-1] == 'A') &&
			  (a[i] == 'd' || a[i] == 'D'))
	    {
		matchlen = 4;
		mask |= READ;

	    } else if (i >= 4 && (a[i-4] == 'w' || a[i-4] == 'W') &&
				 (a[i-3] == 'r' || a[i-3] == 'R') &&
				 (a[i-2] == 'i' || a[i-2] == 'I') &&
				 (a[i-1] == 't' || a[i-1] == 'T') &&
				 (a[i] == 'e' || a[i] == 'E'))
	    {
		matchlen = 5;
		mask |= WRITE;

	    } else {
		// parse error
		throw new IllegalArgumentException(
			"invalid permission: " + actions);
	    }

	    // make sure we didn't just match the tail of a word
	    // like "ackbarfaccept".  Also, skip to the comma.
	    boolean seencomma = false;
	    while (i >= matchlen && !seencomma) {
		switch(a[i-matchlen]) {
		case ',':
		    seencomma = true;
		    /*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case ' ': case '\r': case '\n':
		case '\f': case '\t':
		    break;
		default:
		    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
			    "invalid permission: " + actions);
		}
		i--;
	    }

	    // point i at the location of the comma minus one (or -1).
	    i -= matchlen;
	}

	return mask;
    }


    /**
     * Return the canonical string representation of the actions.
     * Always returns present actions in the following order:
     * read, write.
     *
     * @return the canonical string representation of the actions.
     */
    static String getActions(int mask)
    {
	StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        boolean comma = false;

	if ((mask & READ) == READ) {
	    comma = true;
	    sb.append("read");
	}

	if ((mask & WRITE) == WRITE) {
	    if (comma) sb.append(',');
    	    else comma = true;
	    sb.append("write");
	}
	return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the "canonical string representation" of the actions.
     * That is, this method always returns present actions in the following order:
     * read, write. For example, if this PropertyPermission object
     * allows both write and read actions, a call to <code>getActions</code>
     * will return the string "read,write".
     *
     * @return the canonical string representation of the actions.
     */
    public String getActions()
    {
	if (actions == null)
	    actions = getActions(this.mask);

	return actions;
    }

    /**
     * Return the current action mask.
     * Used by the PropertyPermissionCollection
     *
     * @return the actions mask.
     */

    int getMask() {
	return mask;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new PermissionCollection object for storing
     * PropertyPermission objects.
     * <p>
     *
     * @return a new PermissionCollection object suitable for storing
     * PropertyPermissions.
     */

    public PermissionCollection newPermissionCollection() {
	return new PropertyPermissionCollection();
    }

    /**
     * WriteObject is called to save the state of the PropertyPermission
     * to a stream. The actions are serialized, and the superclass
     * takes care of the name.
     */

    private synchronized void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
        throws IOException
    {
	// Write out the actions. The superclass takes care of the name
	// call getActions to make sure actions field is initialized
	if (actions == null)
	    getActions();
	s.defaultWriteObject();
    }

    /**
     * readObject is called to restore the state of the PropertyPermission from
     * a stream.
     */
    private synchronized void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
         throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
    {
	// Read in the action, then initialize the rest
	s.defaultReadObject();
	init(getMask(actions));
    }
}

/**
 * A PropertyPermissionCollection stores a set of PropertyPermission
 * permissions.
 *
 * @see java.security.Permission
 * @see java.security.Permissions
 * @see java.security.PermissionCollection
 *
 * @version 1.30, 01/23/03
 *
 * @author Roland Schemers
 *
 * @serial include
 */
final class PropertyPermissionCollection extends PermissionCollection
implements Serializable
{

    /**
     * Key is property name; value is PropertyPermission.
     * Not serialized; see serialization section at end of class.
     */
    private transient Map perms;

    /**
     * Boolean saying if "*" is in the collection.
     *
     * @see #serialPersistentFields
     */
    private boolean all_allowed;

    /**
     * Create an empty PropertyPermissions object.
     *
     */

    public PropertyPermissionCollection() {
	perms = new HashMap(32);     // Capacity for default policy
	all_allowed = false;
    }

    /**
     * Adds a permission to the PropertyPermissions. The key for the hash is
     * the name.
     *
     * @param permission the Permission object to add.
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException - if the permission is not a
     *                                       PropertyPermission
     *
     * @exception SecurityException - if this PropertyPermissionCollection
     *                                object has been marked readonly
     */

    public void add(Permission permission)
    {
	if (! (permission instanceof PropertyPermission))
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid permission: "+
					       permission);
	if (isReadOnly())
	    throw new SecurityException("attempt to add a Permission to a readonly PermissionCollection");

	PropertyPermission pp = (PropertyPermission) permission;

	PropertyPermission existing =
	    (PropertyPermission) perms.get(pp.getName());

        // No need to synchronize because all adds are done sequentially
	// before any implies() calls

	if (existing != null) {
	    int oldMask = existing.getMask();
	    int newMask = pp.getMask();
	    if (oldMask != newMask) {
		int effective = oldMask | newMask;
		String actions = PropertyPermission.getActions(effective);
		perms.put(pp.getName(),
			new PropertyPermission(pp.getName(), actions));

	    }
	} else {
	    perms.put(pp.getName(), permission);
	}

        if (!all_allowed) {
	    if (pp.getName().equals("*"))
		all_allowed = true;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Check and see if this set of permissions implies the permissions
     * expressed in "permission".
     *
     * @param p the Permission object to compare
     *
     * @return true if "permission" is a proper subset of a permission in
     * the set, false if not.
     */

    public boolean implies(Permission permission)
    {
	if (! (permission instanceof PropertyPermission))
   		return false;

	PropertyPermission pp = (PropertyPermission) permission;
	PropertyPermission x;

	int desired = pp.getMask();
	int effective = 0;

	// short circuit if the "*" Permission was added
	if (all_allowed) {
	    x = (PropertyPermission) perms.get("*");
	    if (x != null) {
		effective |= x.getMask();
		if ((effective & desired) == desired)
		    return true;
	    }
	}

	// strategy:
	// Check for full match first. Then work our way up the
	// name looking for matches on a.b.*

	String name = pp.getName();
	//System.out.println("check "+name);

	x = (PropertyPermission) perms.get(name);

	if (x != null) {
	    // we have a direct hit!
	    effective |= x.getMask();
	    if ((effective & desired) == desired)
		return true;
	}

	// work our way up the tree...
	int last, offset;

	offset = name.length()-1;

	while ((last = name.lastIndexOf(".", offset)) != -1) {

	    name = name.substring(0, last+1) + "*";
	    //System.out.println("check "+name);
	    x = (PropertyPermission) perms.get(name);

	    if (x != null) {
		effective |= x.getMask();
		if ((effective & desired) == desired)
		    return true;
	    }
	    offset = last -1;
	}

	// we don't have to check for "*" as it was already checked
	// at the top (all_allowed), so we just return false
	return false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an enumeration of all the PropertyPermission objects in the
     * container.
     *
     * @return an enumeration of all the PropertyPermission objects.
     */

    public Enumeration elements() {
        // Convert Iterator of Map values into an Enumeration
	return Collections.enumeration(perms.values());
    }

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7015263904581634791L;

    // Need to maintain serialization interoperability with earlier releases,
    // which had the serializable field:
    //
    // Table of permissions.
    //
    // @serial
    //
    // private Hashtable permissions;
    /**
     * @serialField permissions java.util.Hashtable
     *     A table of the PropertyPermissions.
     * @serialField all_allowed boolean
     *     boolean saying if "*" is in the collection.
     */
    private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields = {
        new ObjectStreamField("permissions", Hashtable.class),
	new ObjectStreamField("all_allowed", Boolean.TYPE),
    };

    /**
     * @serialData Default fields.
     */
    /*
     * Writes the contents of the perms field out as a Hashtable for
     * serialization compatibility with earlier releases. all_allowed
     * unchanged.
     */
    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException {
	// Don't call out.defaultWriteObject()

	// Copy perms into a Hashtable
	Hashtable permissions = new Hashtable(perms.size()*2);
	permissions.putAll(perms);

	// Write out serializable fields
        ObjectOutputStream.PutField pfields = out.putFields();
	pfields.put("all_allowed", all_allowed);
        pfields.put("permissions", permissions);
        out.writeFields();
    }

    /*
     * Reads in a Hashtable of PropertyPermissions and saves them in the 
     * perms field. Reads in all_allowed.
     */
    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, 
    ClassNotFoundException {
	// Don't call defaultReadObject()

	// Read in serialized fields
	ObjectInputStream.GetField gfields = in.readFields();

	// Get all_allowed
	all_allowed = gfields.get("all_allowed", false);

	// Get permissions
	Hashtable permissions = (Hashtable)gfields.get("permissions", null);
	perms = new HashMap(permissions.size()*2);
	perms.putAll(permissions);
    }
}