/*
 * @(#)AbstractMap.java	1.42 04/02/19
 *
 * Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */

package java.util;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

/**
 * This class provides a skeletal implementation of the <tt>Map</tt>
 * interface, to minimize the effort required to implement this interface. <p>
 *
 * To implement an unmodifiable map, the programmer needs only to extend this
 * class and provide an implementation for the <tt>entrySet</tt> method, which
 * returns a set-view of the map's mappings.  Typically, the returned set
 * will, in turn, be implemented atop <tt>AbstractSet</tt>.  This set should
 * not support the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>remove</tt> methods, and its iterator
 * should not support the <tt>remove</tt> method.<p>
 *
 * To implement a modifiable map, the programmer must additionally override
 * this class's <tt>put</tt> method (which otherwise throws an
 * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt>), and the iterator returned by
 * <tt>entrySet().iterator()</tt> must additionally implement its
 * <tt>remove</tt> method.<p>
 *
 * The programmer should generally provide a void (no argument) and map
 * constructor, as per the recommendation in the <tt>Map</tt> interface
 * specification.<p>
 *
 * The documentation for each non-abstract methods in this class describes its
 * implementation in detail.  Each of these methods may be overridden if the
 * map being implemented admits a more efficient implementation.<p>
 *
 * This class is a member of the 
 * <a href="{@docRoot}/../guide/collections/index.html">
 * Java Collections Framework</a>.
 *
 * @author  Josh Bloch
 * @author  Neal Gafter
 * @version 1.42, 02/19/04
 * @see Map
 * @see Collection
 * @since 1.2
 */

public abstract class AbstractMap<K,V> implements Map<K,V> {
    /**
     * Sole constructor.  (For invocation by subclass constructors, typically
     * implicit.)
     */
    protected AbstractMap() {
    }

    // Query Operations

    /**
     * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.  If the map
     * contains more than <tt>Integer.MAX_VALUE</tt> elements, returns
     * <tt>Integer.MAX_VALUE</tt>.<p>
     *
     * This implementation returns <tt>entrySet().size()</tt>.
     *
     * @return the number of key-value mappings in this map.
     */
    public int size() {
	return entrySet().size();
    }

    /**
     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains no key-value mappings. <p>
     *
     * This implementation returns <tt>size() == 0</tt>.
     *
     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains no key-value mappings.
     */
    public boolean isEmpty() {
	return size() == 0;
    }

    /**
     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map maps one or more keys to this value.
     * More formally, returns <tt>true</tt> if and only if this map contains
     * at least one mapping to a value <tt>v</tt> such that <tt>(value==null ?
     * v==null : value.equals(v))</tt>.  This operation will probably require
     * time linear in the map size for most implementations of map.<p>
     *
     * This implementation iterates over entrySet() searching for an entry
     * with the specified value.  If such an entry is found, <tt>true</tt> is
     * returned.  If the iteration terminates without finding such an entry,
     * <tt>false</tt> is returned.  Note that this implementation requires
     * linear time in the size of the map.
     *
     * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested.
     * 
     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map maps one or more keys to this value.
     */
    public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
	Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
	if (value==null) {
	    while (i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (e.getValue()==null)
		    return true;
	    }
	} else {
	    while (i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (value.equals(e.getValue()))
		    return true;
	    }
	}
	return false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the specified
     * key. <p>
     *
     * This implementation iterates over <tt>entrySet()</tt> searching for an
     * entry with the specified key.  If such an entry is found, <tt>true</tt>
     * is returned.  If the iteration terminates without finding such an
     * entry, <tt>false</tt> is returned.  Note that this implementation
     * requires linear time in the size of the map; many implementations will
     * override this method.
     *
     * @param key key whose presence in this map is to be tested.
     * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the specified
     *            key.
     * 
     * @throws NullPointerException if the key is <tt>null</tt> and this map
     *            does not permit <tt>null</tt> keys.
     */
    public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
	Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
	if (key==null) {
	    while (i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (e.getKey()==null)
		    return true;
	    }
	} else {
	    while (i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (key.equals(e.getKey()))
		    return true;
	    }
	}
	return false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value to which this map maps the specified key.  Returns
     * <tt>null</tt> if the map contains no mapping for this key.  A return
     * value of <tt>null</tt> does not <i>necessarily</i> indicate that the
     * map contains no mapping for the key; it's also possible that the map
     * explicitly maps the key to <tt>null</tt>.  The containsKey operation
     * may be used to distinguish these two cases. <p>
     *
     * This implementation iterates over <tt>entrySet()</tt> searching for an
     * entry with the specified key.  If such an entry is found, the entry's
     * value is returned.  If the iteration terminates without finding such an
     * entry, <tt>null</tt> is returned.  Note that this implementation
     * requires linear time in the size of the map; many implementations will
     * override this method.
     *
     * @param key key whose associated value is to be returned.
     * @return the value to which this map maps the specified key.
     * 
     * @throws NullPointerException if the key is <tt>null</tt> and this map
     *		  does not permit <tt>null</tt> keys.
     * 
     * @see #containsKey(Object)
     */
    public V get(Object key) {
	Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
	if (key==null) {
	    while (i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (e.getKey()==null)
		    return e.getValue();
	    }
	} else {
	    while (i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (key.equals(e.getKey()))
		    return e.getValue();
	    }
	}
	return null;
    }


    // Modification Operations

    /**
     * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map
     * (optional operation).  If the map previously contained a mapping for
     * this key, the old value is replaced.<p>
     *
     * This implementation always throws an
     * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt>.
     *
     * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated.
     * @param value value to be associated with the specified key.
     * 
     * @return previous value associated with specified key, or <tt>null</tt>
     *	       if there was no mapping for key.  (A <tt>null</tt> return can
     *	       also indicate that the map previously associated <tt>null</tt>
     *	       with the specified key, if the implementation supports
     *	       <tt>null</tt> values.)
     * 
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>put</tt> operation is
     *	          not supported by this map.
     * 
     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified key or value
     * 	          prevents it from being stored in this map.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some aspect of this key or value *
     *            prevents it from being stored in this map.
     * 
     * @throws NullPointerException if this map does not permit <tt>null</tt>
     *            keys or values, and the specified key or value is
     *            <tt>null</tt>.
     */
    public V put(K key, V value) {
	throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    /**
     * Removes the mapping for this key from this map if present (optional
     * operation). <p>
     *
     * This implementation iterates over <tt>entrySet()</tt> searching for an
     * entry with the specified key.  If such an entry is found, its value is
     * obtained with its <tt>getValue</tt> operation, the entry is removed
     * from the Collection (and the backing map) with the iterator's
     * <tt>remove</tt> operation, and the saved value is returned.  If the
     * iteration terminates without finding such an entry, <tt>null</tt> is
     * returned.  Note that this implementation requires linear time in the
     * size of the map; many implementations will override this method.<p>
     *
     * Note that this implementation throws an
     * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt> if the <tt>entrySet</tt> iterator
     * does not support the <tt>remove</tt> method and this map contains a
     * mapping for the specified key.
     *
     * @param key key whose mapping is to be removed from the map.
     * @return previous value associated with specified key, or <tt>null</tt>
     *	       if there was no entry for key.  (A <tt>null</tt> return can
     *	       also indicate that the map previously associated <tt>null</tt>
     *	       with the specified key, if the implementation supports
     *	       <tt>null</tt> values.)
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>remove</tt> operation
     * 		  is not supported by this map.
     */
    public V remove(Object key) {
	Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
	Entry<K,V> correctEntry = null;
	if (key==null) {
	    while (correctEntry==null && i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (e.getKey()==null)
		    correctEntry = e;
	    }
	} else {
	    while (correctEntry==null && i.hasNext()) {
		Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		if (key.equals(e.getKey()))
		    correctEntry = e;
	    }
	}

	V oldValue = null;
	if (correctEntry !=null) {
	    oldValue = correctEntry.getValue();
	    i.remove();
	}
	return oldValue;
    }


    // Bulk Operations

    /**
     * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this map
     * (optional operation).  These mappings will replace any mappings that
     * this map had for any of the keys currently in the specified map.<p>
     *
     * This implementation iterates over the specified map's
     * <tt>entrySet()</tt> collection, and calls this map's <tt>put</tt>
     * operation once for each entry returned by the iteration.<p>
     *
     * Note that this implementation throws an
     * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt> if this map does not support
     * the <tt>put</tt> operation and the specified map is nonempty.
     *
     * @param t mappings to be stored in this map.
     * 
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the <tt>putAll</tt> operation
     * 		  is not supported by this map.
     * 
     * @throws ClassCastException if the class of a key or value in the
     * 	          specified map prevents it from being stored in this map.
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some aspect of a key or value in
     *	          the specified map prevents it from being stored in this map.
     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified map is <tt>null</tt>, or if
     *         this map does not permit <tt>null</tt> keys or values, and the
     *         specified map contains <tt>null</tt> keys or values.
     */
    public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> t) {
	Iterator<? extends Entry<? extends K, ? extends V>> i = t.entrySet().iterator();
	while (i.hasNext()) {
	    Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e = i.next();
	    put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
	}
    }

    /**
     * Removes all mappings from this map (optional operation). <p>
     *
     * This implementation calls <tt>entrySet().clear()</tt>.
     *
     * Note that this implementation throws an
     * <tt>UnsupportedOperationException</tt> if the <tt>entrySet</tt>
     * does not support the <tt>clear</tt> operation.
     *
     * @throws    UnsupportedOperationException clear is not supported
     * 		  by this map.
     */
    public void clear() {
	entrySet().clear();
    }


    // Views

    /**
     * Each of these fields are initialized to contain an instance of the
     * appropriate view the first time this view is requested.  The views are
     * stateless, so there's no reason to create more than one of each.
     */
    transient volatile Set<K>        keySet = null;
    transient volatile Collection<V> values = null;

    /**
     * Returns a Set view of the keys contained in this map.  The Set is
     * backed by the map, so changes to the map are reflected in the Set,
     * and vice-versa.  (If the map is modified while an iteration over
     * the Set is in progress, the results of the iteration are undefined.)
     * The Set supports element removal, which removes the corresponding entry
     * from the map, via the Iterator.remove, Set.remove,  removeAll
     * retainAll, and clear operations.  It does not support the add or
     * addAll operations.<p>
     *
     * This implementation returns a Set that subclasses
     * AbstractSet.  The subclass's iterator method returns a "wrapper
     * object" over this map's entrySet() iterator.  The size method delegates
     * to this map's size method and the contains method delegates to this
     * map's containsKey method.<p>
     *
     * The Set is created the first time this method is called,
     * and returned in response to all subsequent calls.  No synchronization
     * is performed, so there is a slight chance that multiple calls to this
     * method will not all return the same Set.
     *
     * @return a Set view of the keys contained in this map.
     */
    public Set<K> keySet() {
	if (keySet == null) {
	    keySet = new AbstractSet<K>() {
		public Iterator<K> iterator() {
		    return new Iterator<K>() {
			private Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();

			public boolean hasNext() {
			    return i.hasNext();
			}

			public K next() {
			    return i.next().getKey();
			}

			public void remove() {
			    i.remove();
			}
                    };
		}

		public int size() {
		    return AbstractMap.this.size();
		}

		public boolean contains(Object k) {
		    return AbstractMap.this.containsKey(k);
		}
	    };
	}
	return keySet;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a collection view of the values contained in this map.  The
     * collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are reflected in
     * the collection, and vice-versa.  (If the map is modified while an
     * iteration over the collection is in progress, the results of the
     * iteration are undefined.)  The collection supports element removal,
     * which removes the corresponding entry from the map, via the
     * <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>, <tt>Collection.remove</tt>,
     * <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt> and <tt>clear</tt> operations.
     * It does not support the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.<p>
     *
     * This implementation returns a collection that subclasses abstract
     * collection.  The subclass's iterator method returns a "wrapper object"
     * over this map's <tt>entrySet()</tt> iterator.  The size method
     * delegates to this map's size method and the contains method delegates
     * to this map's containsValue method.<p>
     *
     * The collection is created the first time this method is called, and
     * returned in response to all subsequent calls.  No synchronization is
     * performed, so there is a slight chance that multiple calls to this
     * method will not all return the same Collection.
     *
     * @return a collection view of the values contained in this map.
     */
    public Collection<V> values() {
	if (values == null) {
	    values = new AbstractCollection<V>() {
		public Iterator<V> iterator() {
		    return new Iterator<V>() {
			private Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();

			public boolean hasNext() {
			    return i.hasNext();
			}

			public V next() {
			    return i.next().getValue();
			}

			public void remove() {
			    i.remove();
			}
                    };
                }

		public int size() {
		    return AbstractMap.this.size();
		}

		public boolean contains(Object v) {
		    return AbstractMap.this.containsValue(v);
		}
	    };
	}
	return values;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a set view of the mappings contained in this map.  Each element
     * in this set is a Map.Entry.  The set is backed by the map, so changes
     * to the map are reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  (If the map is
     * modified while an iteration over the set is in progress, the results of
     * the iteration are undefined.)  The set supports element removal, which
     * removes the corresponding entry from the map, via the
     * <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>, <tt>Set.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>,
     * <tt>retainAll</tt> and <tt>clear</tt> operations.  It does not support
     * the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
     *
     * @return a set view of the mappings contained in this map.
     */
    public abstract Set<Entry<K,V>> entrySet();


    // Comparison and hashing

    /**
     * Compares the specified object with this map for equality.  Returns
     * <tt>true</tt> if the given object is also a map and the two maps
     * represent the same mappings.  More formally, two maps <tt>t1</tt> and
     * <tt>t2</tt> represent the same mappings if
     * <tt>t1.keySet().equals(t2.keySet())</tt> and for every key <tt>k</tt>
     * in <tt>t1.keySet()</tt>, <tt> (t1.get(k)==null ? t2.get(k)==null :
     * t1.get(k).equals(t2.get(k))) </tt>.  This ensures that the
     * <tt>equals</tt> method works properly across different implementations
     * of the map interface.<p>
     *
     * This implementation first checks if the specified object is this map;
     * if so it returns <tt>true</tt>.  Then, it checks if the specified
     * object is a map whose size is identical to the size of this set; if
     * not, it returns <tt>false</tt>.  If so, it iterates over this map's
     * <tt>entrySet</tt> collection, and checks that the specified map
     * contains each mapping that this map contains.  If the specified map
     * fails to contain such a mapping, <tt>false</tt> is returned.  If the
     * iteration completes, <tt>true</tt> is returned.
     *
     * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map.
     * @return <tt>true</tt> if the specified object is equal to this map.
     */
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
	if (o == this)
	    return true;

	if (!(o instanceof Map))
	    return false;
	Map<K,V> t = (Map<K,V>) o;
	if (t.size() != size())
	    return false;

        try {
            Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
            while (i.hasNext()) {
                Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
		K key = e.getKey();
                V value = e.getValue();
                if (value == null) {
                    if (!(t.get(key)==null && t.containsKey(key)))
                        return false;
                } else {
                    if (!value.equals(t.get(key)))
                        return false;
                }
            }
        } catch(ClassCastException unused) {
            return false;
        } catch(NullPointerException unused) {
            return false;
        }

	return true;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the hash code value for this map.  The hash code of a map is
     * defined to be the sum of the hash codes of each entry in the map's
     * <tt>entrySet()</tt> view.  This ensures that <tt>t1.equals(t2)</tt>
     * implies that <tt>t1.hashCode()==t2.hashCode()</tt> for any two maps
     * <tt>t1</tt> and <tt>t2</tt>, as required by the general contract of
     * Object.hashCode.<p>
     *
     * This implementation iterates over <tt>entrySet()</tt>, calling
     * <tt>hashCode</tt> on each element (entry) in the Collection, and adding
     * up the results.
     *
     * @return the hash code value for this map.
     * @see Map.Entry#hashCode()
     * @see Object#hashCode()
     * @see Object#equals(Object)
     * @see Set#equals(Object)
     */
    public int hashCode() {
	int h = 0;
	Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
	while (i.hasNext())
	    h += i.next().hashCode();
	return h;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string representation of this map.  The string representation
     * consists of a list of key-value mappings in the order returned by the
     * map's <tt>entrySet</tt> view's iterator, enclosed in braces
     * (<tt>"{}"</tt>).  Adjacent mappings are separated by the characters
     * <tt>", "</tt> (comma and space).  Each key-value mapping is rendered as
     * the key followed by an equals sign (<tt>"="</tt>) followed by the
     * associated value.  Keys and values are converted to strings as by
     * <tt>String.valueOf(Object)</tt>.<p>
     *
     * This implementation creates an empty string buffer, appends a left
     * brace, and iterates over the map's <tt>entrySet</tt> view, appending
     * the string representation of each <tt>map.entry</tt> in turn.  After
     * appending each entry except the last, the string <tt>", "</tt> is
     * appended.  Finally a right brace is appended.  A string is obtained
     * from the stringbuffer, and returned.
     *
     * @return a String representation of this map.
     */
    public String toString() {
	StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
	buf.append("{");

	Iterator<Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator();
        boolean hasNext = i.hasNext();
        while (hasNext) {
	    Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
	    K key = e.getKey();
            V value = e.getValue();
	    if (key == this)
		buf.append("(this Map)");
	    else
		buf.append(key);
	    buf.append("=");
	    if (value == this)
		buf.append("(this Map)");
	    else
		buf.append(value);
            hasNext = i.hasNext();
            if (hasNext)
                buf.append(", ");
        }

	buf.append("}");
	return buf.toString();
    }
    
    /**
     * Returns a shallow copy of this <tt>AbstractMap</tt> instance: the keys
     * and values themselves are not cloned.
     *
     * @return a shallow copy of this map.
     */
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        AbstractMap<K,V> result = (AbstractMap<K,V>)super.clone();
        result.keySet = null;
        result.values = null;
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * This should be made public as soon as possible.  It greatly simplifies
     * the task of implementing Map.
     */
    static class SimpleEntry<K,V> implements Entry<K,V> {
	K key;
	V value;

	public SimpleEntry(K key, V value) {
	    this.key   = key;
            this.value = value;
	}

	public SimpleEntry(Entry<K,V> e) {
	    this.key   = e.getKey();
            this.value = e.getValue();
	}

	public K getKey() {
	    return key;
	}

	public V getValue() {
	    return value;
	}

	public V setValue(V value) {
	    V oldValue = this.value;
	    this.value = value;
	    return oldValue;
	}

	public boolean equals(Object o) {
	    if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
		return false;
	    Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o;
	    return eq(key, e.getKey()) && eq(value, e.getValue());
	}

	public int hashCode() {
	    return ((key   == null)   ? 0 :   key.hashCode()) ^
		   ((value == null)   ? 0 : value.hashCode());
	}

	public String toString() {
	    return key + "=" + value;
	}

        private static boolean eq(Object o1, Object o2) {
            return (o1 == null ? o2 == null : o1.equals(o2));
        }
    }
}